Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Comparison of the Effect of Pressure on Bladder-GV20 and Gallbladder-GV20 on Labor Pain Intensity among the Primiparous Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial7161110210.22038/ebcj.2018.31495.1783ENElaheh MansouriM.Sc. Student of Midwifery, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000000326019060Masoumeh KordiAssistant Professor, a Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. b Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University Medical of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-9123-3103Shapour Badiee AvalAssistant professor, Acupuncture Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMohammad Taghi ShakeriProfessor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iranhttps://orcid.org/00Masoumeh MirteimouriAssociate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Patient Safety Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20180505<strong>Background:</strong> The cycle of pain, fear, and anxiety may lead to prolonged labor and cesarean section. Acupressure is one of the methods for pain relief.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>Therefore,this study aimed to compare the effect of acupressure on bladder-GV20 and gallbladder-GV20 points on the labor pain in primiparous women.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 158 primiparous women, who referred to the Um Al-Benin Specialized Women Hospital, Mashhad, Iran in 2017. The first stage of labor included five and four pressure cycles on acupressure points in bladder and gallbladder in the intervention groups 1 and 2, respectively. In the second stage of labor one pressure cycle on the same points were completed. The control group only received the routine cares. The duration of uterine contractions was assessed by touching the uterus apex. Moreover, the pain intensity was evaluated by the visual analog scale. All the data were analyzed by the SPSS version 25<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The mean pain intensity in both stages of the intervention groups was significantly different from the control group and was significantly lower in the gallbladder group (P<0.001). The mean duration of contractions in the first stage was significantly different between the three groups (P<0.001).<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> According to the findings of this study,pressure on bladder-GV20 and gallbladder-GV20 points can attenuate pain intensity in the first and second stages of labor. Moreover, this technique prolongs the duration of contractions in the first stage of labor. Consequently, this method can be recommended as a complementary approach in labor.Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Evaluating the Effect of Painting Therapy on Happiness in the Elderly17261128610.22038/ebcj.2018.31572.1785ENHamid BarfaraziStudents Research Committee, MSc of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-6787-7905Tayabe PourghazneinPhD Candidate and Instructor,a Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.b Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-7186-5368Samira MohajerPhD Candidate and Instructor in Gerontological Nursing , a Nursing and midwifery care research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. b Department of Medical- Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0001-7118-1783Seyed Reza MazlomInstructor in Medical-Surgical Nursing, a Nursing and midwifery care research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. b Department of Medical- Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000-0001-6722-8411Seyed Mohsen AsgharinekahAssistant Professor, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Department of Education, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20180506<strong>Background:</strong> Reduced happiness is one of the consequences of aging. Happiness is a component of mental health that leads to life satisfaction and physical well-being.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of painting therapy on the happiness of the elderly.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 elderlies in 2017. The subjects were selected from two elderly care centers in Mashhad, Iran, through the convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of intervention (N=30) and control (N=30). The data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, research unit selection questionnaire, Cognitive Short Questionnaire, and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. In addition, 12 sessions of painting therapy (three 50-60-minute sessions per week) were performed. At the end of the intervention, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was completed again by the subjects of both groups. In addition, data analysis was performed in SPSS, version 21.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> In this study, the groups were homogenous in terms of demographic variables. In terms of mean happiness score before the intervention, no significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups (55.6±2.1 vs. 57.6±5.0; P=0.06). However, after the intervention, the mean score of happiness was significantly higher in all its dimensions in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.001).<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> Painting therapy can be used as an effective intervention to increase happiness in elderly care centers and nursing homes.Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Pap Smear Belief Questionnaire in Iranian Women27341118410.22038/ebcj.2018.31076.1772ENMarzieh Saei Ghare NazPhD Student of Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iranhttp://orcid.org/000Abbas EbadiProfessor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life style institute, Faculty of Nursing , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-2911-7005Taybeh DaroonehMSc, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1542-9454Farzaneh Rashidi FakariPhD Student of Reproductive Health, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran/0000-0001-7497-4180Farahnaz Kholosi BadrBS, North Tehran Health Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranVida GhasemiPhD Student of Reproductive Health, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9966-1604Giti OzgoliAssistant Professor of Reproductive Health, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-2111-7024Journal Article20180416<strong>Background:</strong> Beliefs of women play a very important role in efficacy of screening for cervical cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate their points of view using appropriate tools with suitable validity and reliability. It seems that the Pap Smear Belief Questionnaire (PSBQ) can assess the attitudes and beliefs of women towards screening for Pap smear.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate cross-cultural adaptation of beliefs regarding cervical cancer screening in Iranian women.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>In the present study, the cross-cultural adaptation was investigated in 318 married participants. Following the translation and re-translation processes of PSBQ, approval by author, and obtaining the views of the experts as well as participants, the face and content validities of questionnaire were determined qualitatively. Moreover, the construct validity was affirmed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The tool reliability was analyzed by internal consistency and test-retest methods.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The construct validity of the questionnaire had four subscales (exam-related factors, benefits, barriers, and vulnerability). Cronbach's alpha was obtained as 0.93 and the intracluster correlation coefficient was 0.98, indicating the reliability of the Persian version of this questionnaire.<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> The Persian version of PSBQ had an acceptable validity and reliability among the Iranian female population. This reliable instrument can be used to assess the existing status, in addition to study the effectiveness of breast cancer screening beliefs.Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Comparison of the Effects of Using Self-regulation Theory and self-care Education on Medical Adherence in Patients Receiving Peritoneal Kidney Dialysis35451158710.22038/ebcj.2018.29148.1723ENNarges Sadeghi ZarmehriM.Sc. Student of Nursing, Department of Medical Surgical Patient Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-3580-0326Farzaneh HassanzadehInstructor of Nursing, Department of Medical Surgical Patient Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-0076-5129Nahid AghebatiAssistant Professor, a Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. b Department of Medical - Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University Medical of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-1600-4412Farzaneh SharifipourAssociate Professor, Medical Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20180301<strong>Background:</strong> Medical adherence is critical to peritoneal dialysis (PD) success. Accordingly, the self-regulation approach plays a crucial role in disease management and treatment progress through the formation of an organized pattern of beliefs in patients.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of self-regulation theory (SRT) and self-care training on medical adherence in patients on PD.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients receiving PD admitted to Imam Reza and Ghaem Dialysis Centers in, Mashhad, Iran, 2017. They were assigned into two groups of SRT and self-care training using a drawing method. Both groups received SRT or self-care training in two 25-30-min sessions during 2 weeks. Medical adherence was measured by the End-Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire at the pre-intervention phase, as well as 3 and 6 weeks later. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 25.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> Both groups were homogeneous considering demographic variables. The mean scores of medical adherence at the pre-intervention phase and 3 and 6 weeks later in the SRT group was 99.0±16.0, 83.9±14.9, and 80.8±15.0, respectively. These values were 87.4±8.6, 79.4±7.6, and 78.3±7.1 in the self-care training group, respectively. There was a significant difference between the groups regarding these (P<0.001).<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> Both SRT and self-care training could improve medical adherence in patients receiving PD.Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Effects of a School-Based Interventional Program on Smoking Refusal Self-efficacy in Adolescent Females46561151410.22038/ebcj.2018.32995.1835ENZienab RafieeMSc Student of Nursing, Department of Community Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-3937-1808Abdolghader AssarroudiAssistant Professor, Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, IranMasoud ZareInstructor, Department of Community Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-8282-6292Hamid Heidarian MiriAssistant professor of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.0000000211908300Atefe BehboudifarMSc in Nursing, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0003-2397-9808Fatemeh Heshmati NabaviAssistant Professor, Evidence-Based Care Research Center, Department of Nursing Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-9842-966XJournal Article20180526smoking. Self-efficacy can be assumed as the best predictor of smoking behavior in adolescents.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a school-based interventional program on smoking refusal self-efficacy in adolescent females.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 53 adolescent females in 2017. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=27) and control (n=26). The intervention group was provided with a smoking prevention program implemented five sessions a week in their school classrooms. On the other hand, the control group received the routine interventions. A researcher-made Smoking Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire was completed before and one month after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 20.0) using Fisher’s exact test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> According to the results, 9 (34.6%) and 7 (25.9%) individuals in the control and intervention groups had smoking fathers, respectively. The two study groups were homogeneous in terms of smoking refusal self-efficacy before the intervention. Following the intervention, the mean self-efficacy scores in the intervention and control groups were estimated as 111.55±13.1 and 93.53±25.02, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding this variable after the intervention (P=0.02).<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> The school-based interventional program for smoking prevention in accordance with social skills training could effectively increase the level of smoking refusal self-efficacy in adolescent females.Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Effect of Breast Oketani-massage on Neonatal Weight Gain: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial57631167710.22038/ebcj.2018.32347.1817ENMahsa DehghaniGonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran0000-0002-2115-7889Raheleh BabazadehAssistant Professor, a Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. b Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University Medical of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-6323-7249Talat KhadivzadehAssistant Professor, a Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. b Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University Medical of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-9872-3933Seyeheh Azam PourhoseiniAssistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranHabibollah EsmaeiliProfessor in Biostatistics, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Management and Research Center for Social Factors Affecting Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20180623<strong>Background:</strong> The most important factor affecting weight gain after birth is the type and mode of neonatal feeding. The most suitable nutrition is exclusive breastfeeding. However, breastfeeding can be accompanied with some difficulties, such as breast engorgement, which results in neonatal feeding complications. Breast Oketani-massage therapy is proposed as a treatment for breast engorgement.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the effect of breast Oketani-massage therapy on neonatal weight gain among lactating women with breast engorgement.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 postpartum (i.e., on the first five days of childbirth) women admitted to the Midwifery Clinic and Gynecology and Obstetric Department of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, due to breast engorgement from August to November 2016. The subjects were divided into two groups, namely Oketani massage and routine care training, through random block allocation. The data were collected regarding neonatal weight gain before and after the intervention and analyzed in SPSS (version 20) using repeated measures ANOVA.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> The results revealed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of neonatal weight gain on within days 1-5 day before the intervention (P=0.17). However, a statically significant difference was observed between the two groups in this regard 14 and 28 days post-intervention (P<0.001).<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> This study showed that breast Oketani-massage in comparison to the routine care increased the neonatal weight gain among lactating women with breast engorgement.<strong> </strong>Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Evaluation of the Quality of Cancer-Related Fatigue Clinical Practice Guidelines64741167210.22038/ebcj.2018.31619.1788ENShahin SalarvandAssistant Professor, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran0000-0002-3326-1624Simin HematiAssociate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranPayman AdibiProfessor, Integrative Functional Gastroenterology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranFariba TaleghaniProfessor, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0002-8266-4948Reza Ghanei GheshlaghAssistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran0000-0002-7414-8134Journal Article20180514<strong>Background:</strong> Improvement of the quality ofcancer-related fatigue clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is an important issue in oncology.<br /> <strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the methodological quality of CPGs about cancer-related fatigue management using the AGREE II instrument.<br /> <strong>Method: </strong>This study involved a systematic search, followed by a descriptive study, to evaluate the methodological quality of CPGs about CRF using the AGREE II instrument in 2018. A comprehensive search was conducted on different websites and databases to find the eligible published guidelines from the observation time to Jan 2018. After screening the guidelines based on eligibility criteria, the selected CPGs were assessed by five independent appraisers by means of the updated AGREE II instrument developed in 2013.<br /> <strong>Results:</strong> According to the results, applicability and editorial independence domains had obtained low quality scores. However, the scores of the rest of the domains were indicative of a favorable quality level.<br /> <strong>Implications for Practice:</strong> It is essential to improve the quality of CRF CPGs and design high-quality CPGs especially in terms of applicability and editorial independence domains. <br /> <strong> </strong>Mashhad University of Medical SciencesEvidence Based Care2008-24878320181001Impact of Relaxation Training and Exercise on Quality of Life in Post-myocardial Infarction Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial75801160810.22038/ebcj.2018.32263.1808ENMehdi MahmoodiMSc, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran0000-0003-2073-5744Gholam Reza Mahmoodi-ShanAssistant Professor, Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran0000-0003-3989-8199Mohammad Zaman KamkarAssistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IranNaser BehnampourAssistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Health Management and Social Development Research, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IranMozhdeh DabirianAssistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, Fatemeh Al Zahra Education Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, IranJournal Article20180620Myocardial infarction (MI) decreases patients’ quality of life (QOL). The present study aimed to investigate the effect of relaxation training and exercise on QOL in post-MI patients. This single-blind, randomized, clinical trial was conducted on 64 post-MI patients at Fatemeh Zahra Hospital in Sari, Iran, in 2013. The study population was divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group received training and was followed-up for 8 weeks at home. The data were collected using MacNew QOL Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS (version 16) using t-test. There were significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding the mean scores of the three QOL domains. Total QOL showed a significant difference after relaxation program (P≤0.001). Relaxation exercises resulted in the improvement of QOL in post-MI patients. Therefore, nurses are recommended to train these exercises to patients to practice at home.<br /> <strong> </strong>