<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
			<journal>
			<title>Evidence Based Care</title>
			<title_fa>فصلنامه مراقبت مبتنی بر شواهد</title_fa>
			<short_title>EBC</short_title>
			<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
			<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/</web_url>
			<journal_hbi_system_id>0</journal_hbi_system_id>
			<journal_hbi_system_user></journal_hbi_system_user>
			<journal_id_issn>2008-2487</journal_id_issn>
			<journal_id_issn_online>2008-370X</journal_id_issn_online>
			<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
			<journal_id_doi></journal_id_doi>
			<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
			<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
			<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
			<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
			<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
			<language>en</language>
			<pubdate>
				<type>jalali</type>
				<year>0</year>
				<month>0</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<pubdate>
				<type>gregorian</type>
				<year>2026</year>
				<month>7</month>
				<day>1</day>
			</pubdate>
			<volume>16</volume>
			<number>2</number>
			<publish_type>online</publish_type>
			<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
			<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
			<articleset><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Prevalence of Nosocomial Infections and Prevention and Control Strategies in Iranian Hospitals: A Mixed-Methods Study</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) remain a major threat to patient safety and healthcare efficiency in Iran, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.Aim: This study aimed to estimate the overall prevalence of HAIs in Iranian hospitals and identify the most effective strategies for their prevention and control.Method: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was employed. In Phase One, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted [on studies] published up to May 20, 2024, following Gough&#039;s nine-step framework, PRISMA 2020, and the PIO framework. In Phase Two, a two-round Delphi technique was used to develop and prioritize evidence-based strategies for reducing HAIs, informed by the findings of Phase One.Results: A total of 22 studies conducted between 1999 and 2020 reported hospital-acquired infection (HAI) prevalence ranging from 0.046% to 26.5%. In the second phase, the Delphi process initially identified 82 potential strategies, which were refined through expert consensus (agreement &gt;70%) during a face-to-face meeting. Ultimately, 56 context-specific strategies were finalized, with an emphasis on feasibility within Iranian clinical settings. These strategies focused on improving hand hygiene compliance, appropriate ventilation in high-risk units, strengthening infection control training, proper reprocessing of linens and medical equipment, establishment of infection prevention and control (IPC) committees, implementation of locally adapted evidence-based IPC guidelines informed by national surveillance and hospital data, timely and safe patient discharge, and effective hospital accreditation programs. Implications for Practice: Although published studies suggest a low prevalence of HAIs in Iranian hospitals, effective prevention and control remain essential. Prioritizing locally adapted infection prevention guidelines, staff training, hand hygiene, appropriate ventilation, and safe discharge practices can address key challenges in Iranian clinical settings.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Iran, Meta-analysis, Nosocomial infections, Prevalence, Systematic review</keyword>
				<start_page>7</start_page>
				<end_page>25</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_27880.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Vahideh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Emadi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>emadi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122567</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>MSc in Health Services Management, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mohammad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Abbaszadeh Bazi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>bi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122568</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Monireh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Shamsaei</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>shamsaei@gmil.com</email>
				<code>122569</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mohammad</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Sarani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>sarani@gmil.com</email>
				<code>122570</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Lecturer, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mahdieh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Poodineh Moghadam</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>moghdm@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122571</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Parvaneh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Isfahani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>p.isfehani@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122572</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Associate Professor, Department of Health Management, School of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Comparison of Sleep Quality, Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Obstructive and Non-Obstructive Myocardial Infarction: A Cross-Sectional Study</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a major global health concern and is traditionally associated with obstructive coronary artery disease. However, non-obstructive MI (MINOCA) is also significant. MI patients often face anxiety, depression, and sleep problems, impacting recovery.Aim: This study aimed to compare sleep quality, and psychological symptoms in the patients with obstructive and non-obstructive myocardial infarction.Method: A total of 282 patients with obstructive and non-obstructive myocardial infarction (141 patients in each group) who were referred to Dr. Heshmat Hospital in Rasht, Iran, in 2023 were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic data checklist and standard sleep quality questionnaire, patient health questionnaire, and general anxiety disorder were used.Results: After adjustment for confounding variables, no statistically significant differences were observed between obstructive and non-obstructive myocardial infarction patients regarding sleep quality, depressive symptoms, or anxiety levels. However, female patients reported significantly greater odds of poor sleep quality, depression, and anxiety than male patients. In addition, rural residence was associated with higher depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that psychological and sleep-related challenges are common among MI patients regardless of coronary obstruction status. Implications for Practice: Incorporating regular assessment and management of sleep and psychological symptoms into the routine care of MI patients can lead to better clinical outcomes and quality of life. These findings support the integration of psychosocial and behavioral health into cardiac rehabilitation and follow-up programs.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Anxiety, Depression, MINOCA, Myocardial infarction, Sleep Quality</keyword>
				<start_page>26</start_page>
				<end_page>34</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_27952.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Arsalan</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Salari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>asalari828@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122909</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Professor of Interventional Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Bahare</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Gholami Chaboki</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>gholamibahare89@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122910</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Yasaman</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Borghei</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>yas.borghei74@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122911</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>MSc of Nursing, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ahmadnia</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>zahmadnia1365@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122912</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>MSc of Nursing, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Fatemeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Jalali</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>f.jalali@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>122913</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Azam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nourisaeed</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>anourisaeed@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122914</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Ph.D of Psychology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Arezoo</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Javadzadeh-Moghtader</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>arezoo_javadzade@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>122915</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>MSc of Psychology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Hadis</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Akbarinezhad</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>hds.akbari@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122916</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Professional Doctorate, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Centre, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Promoting Vaccine Uptake in Epidemics: A Model Emerging From the COVID-19 Pandemic</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: COVID-19 pandemic exposed both the critical role of vaccines and the challenges to their uptake, such as hesitancy, misinformation, and structural barriers. Existing strategies often lack integration and adaptability during crises. There&#039;s a clear need for an evidence-based, expert-informed model that unifies behavioral, structural, and policy approaches to guide vaccination efforts during epidemics.Aim: This research aimed to develop a multidimensional, consensus-based model for promoting vaccination during epidemics.Method: A mixed-methods design was conducted in three phases. First, a systematic scoping review identified global strategies for promoting vaccination during epidemics. In the second phase, a three-round Delphi study was carried out with 30 experts. In the third phase, dynamic modeling was employed using Python.Results: A total of 131 unique strategies were identified and categorized into six domains: Provision, Promotion, Public Awareness, People, Preconditions, and Prizes. Common recommendations included improving access, transparent communication, and culturally tailored campaigns. A Delphi study resulted in consensus on 46 strategies, that 28 received strong agreement. The highest-ranked strategies focused on large-scale promotional campaigns, use of visual media, accurate information dissemination, and prioritizing vulnerable groups. Dynamic modeling identified the Promotion and Provision domains as the highest-priority categories across multiple evaluation scenarios. Implications for Practice: The proposed model provides a dynamic, evidence-based framework for promoting vaccination during epidemics. By incorporating real-time adaptability, expert consensus, and socio-cultural responsiveness, it addresses limitations of static models and provides a practical tool for policymakers.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>vaccination promotion, Vaccine Hesitancy, epidemic response, Delphi Method, systems modeling, Health Communication</keyword>
				<start_page>35</start_page>
				<end_page>55</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_27896.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Sara</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Taheri</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>sarataheri@tums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>122631</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Health Management, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, and Advanced Research Centre, European University of Lefke, TRNC-10 Mersin, Lefke 99770, Northern Cyprus, Turkey.</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Saadati</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>m.saadati@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122632</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Health Sciences Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Abdoli</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>abdoli@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122633</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Health Services Management, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Leila</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Eslambolchi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>eslambolchi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122634</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>PhD in health services management. Health Economics and Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Fatemeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Kazemi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>fatemehkazemi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122635</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Alireza</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Jafari Azad</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>ajafariazad@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122636</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Resident of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mahnaz</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Afshari</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>mahnazafshar89@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122637</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Moderating Factors Influencing Caregiving Burden among Home Caregivers of Stroke Survivors: A Qualitative Content Analysis</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Stroke imposes substantial caregiving burden on family members in Iran While predictors of burden are well-documented quantitatively, subjective moderating factors from caregivers&#039; perspectives remain underexplored in this context.Aim: This research aimed to identify moderating factors that alleviate or exacerbate caregiving burden among home caregivers of stroke patients from their lived experiences.Method: This qualitative study employed conventional content analysis. 18 primary family caregivers (73.3% female; mean age 45.2±10.8 years) were purposively recruited. Data were collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed following Graneheim and Lundman&#039;s approach using MAXQDA software.Results: Analysis yielded one main theme “Moderating Factors Influencing Caregiving Burden” with four categories: 1.Patient-Related Factors (functional disability, emotional/behavioral changes, duration since onset); 2.Caregiver Personal Resources (religious/spiritual coping, resilience, knowledge/preparedness); 3.Family and Social Support (family assistance, community aid, lack of formal support); and 4.Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors (financial strain, time/lifestyle disruption, cultural expectations). Implications for Practice: Caregiving burden is dynamically moderated by interplay between exacerbating and protective factors. Findings underscore the need for culturally tailored interventions, including spiritual support programs, caregiver education, and expanded affordable formal services. At the health policy level, establishing sustainable support systems and respite care services is essential to enhance resilience and sustainability of home care in resource-limited settings.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Caregiver burden, Moderating factors, Qualitative research, Stroke</keyword>
				<start_page>56</start_page>
				<end_page>67</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_27968.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Reza</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Abdollahi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>rezaabdollahi97@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>122969</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Nursing &amp; Midwifery School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Yousef</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mohammadpour</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>mohammadpour.yousef@gmail.com</email>
				<code>122970</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Patient Safety Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Nursing &amp; Midwifery School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Nursing Students’ Knowledge and Perspectives on Iran’s Population Support Law: A Mixed-Method Study</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Demographic changes have emerged as a primary concern for policymakers across various sectors, particularly in health and healthcare. In response to these challenges, the Family and Youth Population Support Law was developed to increase fertility rates and support families.Aim: The present study was conducted to examine nursing students’ knowledge and perspectives regarding this law in Iran.Method: This convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted in two phases: quantitative and qualitative. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed based on the contents of the Family and Youth Population Support Law in Iran. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 nursing students to explore their perspectives. Data management was performed using MAXQDA 10 software. Data were analyzed using a directed qualitative content analysis following the approach proposed by Elo and Kyngäs.Results: The quantitative findings regarding students&#039; knowledge and awareness of the provisions of the Family and Youth Population Support Law showed that the mean total score was 71.58%. The qualitative findings on students’ perspectives regarding the Family and Youth Population Support Law and childbearing led to the emergence of six subcategories and two main categories: 1. Transformation of childbearing in the context of modernity, and 2. Challenges and concerns about the future of children under the shadow of policymaking and law implementation. Implications for Practice: The findings offer valuable insights for enhancing educational programs related to this law within universities and for promoting active student engagement in its implementation.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Family, Law, mixed methods study, Nursing students</keyword>
				<start_page>68</start_page>
				<end_page>80</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_27998.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Varzeshnejad</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>m.varzeshnejad@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123052</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Zohreh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nabizadeh-Gharghozar</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>nabizadehfaezeh85@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123051</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mohadese</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Babaie</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>hadisbabaie88@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123053</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Malihe</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Nasiri</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>malihenasiri@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123054</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>The Effects of Swedish Massage on Sleep Quality and Quantity in Hospitalized Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Hospitalization often disrupts children&#039;s sleep and may adversely affect their recovery process. Swedish massage, a relaxation technique, has shown potential benefits in improving sleep; however, evidence regarding its effectiveness in pediatric hospital settings remains limited.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Swedish massage on sleep quality and sleep quantity in hospitalized children.Method: In this randomized controlled trial, 70 hospitalized girls aged 4–12 years in Paveh, Kermanshah Province, Iran, were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n=35) or a control group (n=35). The intervention group received a 30-minute session of Swedish massage administered by a trained nurse on three consecutive nights, whereas the control group received standard care. Mothers completed the Children&#039;s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and a sleep log at baseline and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using independent-samples t-tests, repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and generalized linear models (GLMs).Results: At baseline, sleep quality did not differ significantly between the two groups (p=0.30). Following the intervention, sleep quality improved significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group (p&lt;0.001). However, no significant between-group difference was observed in sleep quantity (p=0.09). Implications for Practice: Swedish massage improved sleep quality but did not significantly affect sleep quantity. Training nurses in basic Swedish massage techniques may enhance patient comfort and facilitate recovery without requiring additional medical resources. This intervention should be considered for inclusion in clinical practice guidelines to promote holistic, evidence-based nursing care.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Hospitalized children, Sleep, Swedish Massage</keyword>
				<start_page>81</start_page>
				<end_page>90</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_28012.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Yosra</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Raziani</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>yosra.raziani@yale.edu</email>
				<code>123108</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>PhD Candidate, Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Fatemeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Valizadeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>valizadeh.f@lums.ac.ir</email>
				<code>123109</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Associated Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing &amp; Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Faezeh</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Khanjarian</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>clever_student17@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123110</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>MSN, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Ali</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Kordi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>ali2001.kordi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123111</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Nursing student, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Mehdi</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Birjandi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>mehdibirjandi@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123112</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Assistant Professor in Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Kimia</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Karami</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>kbkarami@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123113</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Associated Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing &amp; Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Psychometric Properties Evaluation of Persian Version of Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool in Iranian Nurses</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: Person-centered care (PCC) improves patient satisfaction, treatment adherence, clinical outcomes, and caregiver well-being; however, its’ global implementation, including in Iran, remains limited. Since evaluating PCC is essential, this study sought to translate the Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) into Persian and assess its’ psychometric properties, providing a reliable instrument for measuring person-centered nursing practices in Iran.Aim: This study aimed to translate the P-CAT tool into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties for assessing person-centered care within the Iranian healthcare context.Method: This methodological study was conducted in 2024 among 247 nurses working in four public hospitals in northern Iran. The P-CAT was translated and culturally adapted using world health organization (WHO) forward–backward translation guidelines and expert review. Construct validity was assessed using Maximum Likelihood Exploratory Factor Analysis (MLEFA), and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients.Results: Most participants were female (n= 203, 82.2%), married (n=151, 61.1%), and had over five years of work experience (46.6%). The MLEFA on 247 participants showed a two-factor structure after removing six items with factor loadings below 0.3, which explains 40.8% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega exceeded 0.70 for the organizational factor but were below 0.70 for the resident engagement factor. Implications for Practice: This study demonstrates that the Persian version of the P-CAT, when administered to Iranian nurses, exhibits a multidimensional structure with two main factors, organizational factors and residents’ engagement. Therefore, the Persian adaptation of the P-CAT can be regarded as a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating PCC provided by nurses.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>nurse, Person-Centered Care, Psychometry, Tool</keyword>
				<start_page>91</start_page>
				<end_page>100</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_27999.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Noushin</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mousazadeh</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>somaye87@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123055</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Nursing, Amol School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Hamid</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Sharif-Nia</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>pegadis@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123056</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Meysam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Rezapour</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>maysam.rezapour@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123057</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Psychosomatic Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>David</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Edvardsson</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>d.edvardsson@latrobe.edu.au</email>
				<code>123058</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Sogand</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Mivehch</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>smivechi@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123059</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Student Research Committee, School of Nursing, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article><article>
				<language>en</language>
				<article_id_issn></article_id_issn>
				<article_id_issn_online></article_id_issn_online>
				<article_id_pubmed></article_id_pubmed>
				<article_id_pii></article_id_pii>
				<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
				<article_id_iranmedex></article_id_iranmedex>
				<article_id_magiran></article_id_magiran>
				<article_id_sid></article_id_sid>
				<title_fa></title_fa>
				<title>Assessing Levels and Influencing Factors of Cultural Competence in Final-Year Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study</title>
				<subject_fa></subject_fa>
				<subject></subject>
				<content_type_fa>مقاله پژوهشی اصیل کمی و کیفی</content_type_fa>
				<content_type>Original Quantitative and Qualitative Research Paper</content_type>
				<abstract_fa><![CDATA[]]></abstract_fa>
				<abstract><![CDATA[Background: The increasing ethnic and cultural diversity of patient populations necessitates the provision of culturally competent care. Nurses play a pivotal role in delivering equitable and high‑quality healthcare to individuals from diverse backgrounds, underscoring the importance of integrating cultural competence into nursing education.Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of cultural competence and its associated factors among final‑year undergraduate nursing students.Method: In this cross-sectional study conducted between September 2023 and April 2024, a census sample of 146 final-year nursing students was enrolled. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire: a demographic information sheet and the Medical Students&#039; Cultural Competence Assessment Questionnaire, which measures cultural attitude, self-awareness, knowledge of health behaviors, and awareness of cultural diversity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The mean score of cultural competence was desirable (3.96 ± 0.38), with the highest scores in cultural attitude (4.35 ± 0.45) and the lowest scores in knowledge regarding health behaviors, beliefs, and physiological differences (48.0 ± 0.77). Notably, the overall cultural competence score showed no statistically significant relationship with any individual or social variables studied. Implications for Practice: Although final‑year nursing students demonstrated favorable attitudes toward culturally responsive care, gaps remain in knowledge‑based domains. These findings highlight the need to strengthen undergraduate nursing curricula—particularly in areas related to culturally influenced health behaviors, beliefs, and physiological variations—to better prepare graduates for culturally diverse clinical environments.]]></abstract>
				<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
				<keyword>Culture, cultural competence, Cultural diversity, Nurses, Nursing students</keyword>
				<start_page>101</start_page>
				<end_page>108</end_page>
				<web_url>https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_28027.html</web_url>
			<author_list><author>
				<first_name>Leila</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>MirHadian</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>lm30075@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123182</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Instructor of Community Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Maryam</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Ghasemi</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>maryam.ghasemi01375@gmail.com</email>
				<code>123183</code>
				<coreauthor>Yes</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Master of Nursing (MSN), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author><author>
				<first_name>Ehsan</first_name>
				<middle_name></middle_name>
				<last_name>Kazemnejad Leili</last_name>
				<suffix></suffix>
				<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
				<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
				<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
				<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
				<email>kazem_eh@yahoo.com</email>
				<code>123184</code>
				<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
				<affiliation>Associate Professor, Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran</affiliation>
				<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
				 </author></author_list>
				</article>
			</articleset>
			</journal>