TY - JOUR ID - 17842 TI - The Effect of Foot Massage on Pain of Preschoolers Undergoing Venipuncture: A Clinical Trial JO - Evidence Based Care JA - EBCJ LA - en SN - 2008-2487 AU - Karamisefat, Maedeh AU - Cheraghi, Fatemeh AU - Soltanian, Alireza AU - Hasan Tehrani, Tayebeh AD - MSc of pediatric nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran AD - Professor, Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran AD - Ph.D., Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran AD - Assistant Professor, Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Y1 - 2021 PY - 2021 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 49 EP - 58 KW - Massage KW - Pain KW - Preschoolers KW - Venipuncture DO - 10.22038/ebcj.2021.55893.2462 N2 - Background: Foot massage is a distraction technique that can be used for directing children's attention away from the painful stimuli during invasive procedures. Aim: This study aimed to assess the effect of foot massage on pain intensity among hospitalized preschoolers undergoing venipuncture. Method: Seventy preschoolers were selected using convenience sampling in the present clinical trial, at theinternal pediatric ward of Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran. They were randomly allocated into the experimental (n=35) and control groups (n=35). The experimental group was received a foot massage 5 minutes before venipuncture. The pain intensity was measured using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale immediately and two minutes after catheter insertion. Heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured using a pulse oximeter five minutes before, immediately, and two minutes after catheter insertion as pain physiological indicators. Results: The mean±SD of pain intensity in the experimental group and in the control group immediately and two minutes after intravenous catheter insertion were 2.71±1.36 and 1.11±0.86, and 7.54±1.33 and 4.20±1.52, respectively. The mean of pain intensity immediately and two minutes after venipuncture revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p <0.001). The mean of heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation between the two groups were significantly different only immediately after venipuncture (p <0.001). Implications for Practice: This finding is clinically important in nursing care for reducing pain and anxiety as well as decreasing drug-related complications and adverse effects. Instructing and using this method are suggested to medical personnel, especially nurses. UR - https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_17842.html L1 - https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_17842_4cbbe2ebeefd1b4899e446e4a03e88ee.pdf ER -