@article { author = {Pourtaghi, Fatemeh and Emami Moghadam, Zahra and Ramezani, Monir and Behnam Vashani, Hamidreza and Mohajer, Samira}, title = {Effect of Resistance Training using Thera-Band on Muscular Strength and Quality of Life among the Elderly}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {7-16}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.25876.1584}, abstract = {Background: Lack of mobility and motor impairments can intensify mental health problems in the elderly. Muscle weakness is one of the most important cause of fall in the old individuals. Muscular performance is regarded as one of the significant components of quality of life in older adults. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training using Thera-Band on muscular strength and quality of life among the elderly. Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 70 elderly people referring to the health centers of Mashhad in 2016. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group was subjected to lower- and upper-extremity resistance training with Thera-Band performed two thirty-minute sessions a week for six weeks. However, the control group did not receive any training. Data collection was performed using a dynamometer and the short version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 16 using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, paired t-test, Chi-square test, and exact Chi-square. Results: The mean ages of the individuals in the intervention and control groups were 69.7±6.1 and 77.2±6.2 years, respectively. After intervention, the mean scores of quality of life (P>0.001) and muscular strength in the upper and lower extremities (P>0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group than those in the control group. Implications for Practice: Resistance training with Thera-Band could enhance muscular strength and improve quality of life in the elderly. It was concluded that the promotion of this exercise program could have a positive effect on the muscular strength and quality of life among this population.}, keywords = {Elderly individual,Muscular strength,Quality of life,Resistance training,Thera-Band}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9311.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9311_2df979688328cfaa2bf40d3d1d2c931b.pdf} } @article { author = {Masoompour, Mojgan and Tirgari, Batool and Ghazanfari, Zahra}, title = {The Relationship between Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Care Behaviors in Diabetic Patients}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {17-25}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.24826.1551}, abstract = {Background: Neglecting self-care behaviors is considered an important factor contributing to mortality among diabetic patients. According to Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory, there is a close relationship between individual performance and self-efficacy. Moreover, access to health-related information or health literacy can affect health status. Aim: To investigate the relationship between health literacy, self-efficacy, and self-care behaviors in diabetic patients. Method: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 400 patients with diabetes referred to a diabetes clinic during 2015. The participants were selected through convenience sampling. The data collection tools included Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults, Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. To analyze the data, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were run in SPSS, version 19. Results: The mean age of the participants was 55.1±10.1 years and 74.75% of them were male. The mean scores of self-care behaviors, health literacy, and self-efficacy were 61.94±14.35, 63.6±20.7, and 146.3±22.9, respectively. Moreover, the results of Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed a significant direct correlation between health literacy and self-efficacy (P=0.03, r=0.1), as well as health literacy and self-care behaviors (P=0.04, r=0.1). Furthermore, self-efficacy had a significant direct correlation with self-care behaviors (P<0.001, r=0.5). Implications for Practice: Health literacy and self-efficacy can affect self-care behaviors in diabetic patients; thus, nurses are recommended to develop and implement simple educational interventions to enhance self-efficacy and health literacy, and in turn, promote self-care behaviors.}, keywords = {Diabetic patients,Health Literacy,Self-care behaviors,Self-efficacy}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9378.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9378_850d0b29dcf87e84674a1e08dac7b3e9.pdf} } @article { author = {Kordi, Masoumeh and Bakhshi, Mohaddeseh and Masoudi, Shahed and Esmaily, Habibolah}, title = {Effect of a Childbirth Psychoeducation Program on the Level of Fear of Childbirth in Primigravid Women}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {26-34}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.25676.1575}, abstract = {Background: Severe fear of childbirth (FOC) is the most important cause of elective and emergency cesarean section and results in an unpleasant experience among women. Implementing a psychoeducational program can promote mothers’ knowledge and reduce the FOC. Aim: the aim of this study was to determine the effect of childbirth psychoeducational program on the FOC intensity in primigravid women. Method: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 122 primigravid women with a gestational age of 14 to 28 weeks referred to healthcare centers of Mashhad, Iran, during 2015-2016. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ), versions A and B, was used for the data collection. The subjects had the FOC scores of 66 or higher based on the W-DEQ, version A. The women in the intervention group received the psychoeducational program for three weeks (one 90-minute session per week) by a clinical psychologist; however, the control group underwent the routine prenatal care. The FOC intensity was reassessed using W-DEQ, version B, six weeks postpartum in both groups. Data analysis was performed in SPSS, version 20, using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 23.2±3.6 and 24.2±4.4 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. After the intervention, the Mann-Whitney U test demonstrated a significant difference between the intervention (83.5±21.7) and control (92.6±18.4) groups regarding the mean FOC score (P=0.001). Implications for Practice: The childbirth psychoeducational program could diminish the FOC in primigravid women with severe FOC. We recommend midwives and expert psychologists to incorporate psychoeducational programs in childbirth classes.}, keywords = {Education,fear,Natural delivery}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9346.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9346_a06c25ff3d00b2df78f56eca1083ac7e.pdf} } @article { author = {Zare, Najmeh and Ravanipour, Maryam and Bahreini, Masoud and Motamed, Niloofar and Hatami, Gissoo and Nemati, Hamid}, title = {Effect of a Self-Management Empowerment Program on Anger and Social Isolation of Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {35-44}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.26072.1598}, abstract = {Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common chronic motor disability, which can have negative impacts on social behavior of mothers as the primary caregivers. Aim: To investigate the effect of an intervention program based on the self-management empowerment model on the anger and social isolation of mothers with CP children. Method: This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 72 mothers of CP in Bushehr and Shiraz, Iran, 2015. We employed Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the UCLA Loneliness Scale for data collection. The intervention group received self-management empowerment in five steps and two face-to-face sessions and was followed up regularly for 1.5 months. Thereafter, anger and social isolation of both groups were reexamined. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and Mann-Whitney test in SPSS, version 18. Results: The mean ages of the intervention and control groups were respectively 28.1±6.09 and 28.1±5.8 years, which independent t-test showed to be homogenous (P=0.31). Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of aggression (P=0.58) and loneliness scores (P=0.93); however, after the intervention, independent t-test reflected significant inter-group differences in terms of both scores (P<0.001). Implications for Practice: The designed empowerment program could reduce the anger of mothers of CP children and serve as a framework for empowering these mothers in healthcare and rehabilitation centers. The efficacy of the program in alleviating the social isolation of these mothers requires further research.}, keywords = {Anger,Cerebral palsy,Empowerment,mothers,Social isolation}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9415.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9415_9344082a8597ae93e8d6b7391897c58d.pdf} } @article { author = {Valizadeh Zare, Najmeh and Mohammadi, Eesa and Zare, Koroush and Ehahi, Nasrin}, title = {Design and Psychometric Evaluation of Coping Scale in Recipients of Kidney Transplant}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {45-53}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.14130.1577}, abstract = {Background: Although there are different tools in a coping context, lots of them are general and not applicable in every stressful situation such as transplant. Aim: The aim of this study is to develop and psychometrically evaluate a coping tool with kidney transplant in the Iranian context and culture. Method: In this sequential exploratory study, based on theoretical and practical definitions of constructs for the concept of coping, the initial pool was extracted with 93 items. Face and content validity qualitative and quantitative were calculated. In order to assess the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was applied. Using Cronbach's alpha and retesting, the consistency of the questionnaire was calculated Results: In the quantitative face validity, all the items whose item impact was more than 1.5 were retained. Seven items were merged during the qualitative content validity since they overlapped each other, making the number of items equal to 80 at this stage. The quantitative content validity was determined by calculating the content validity index (CVI) as 0.9 and factor analysis was performed for all the 80 items. The items decreased to 69 using factor analysis and were classified under 5 categories of understanding the necessity of self-care, intelligent acceptance of changes, conscious enduring of problems, understanding supportive encouragements and spiritual enduring. Finally, the reliability of the questionnaire equaled 0.94 using Cronbach alpha. Implications for Practice: This tool, with understanding and careful testing of the coping degree of transplant patients, could help health service providers to present their services and play their preventive, caring and therapeutic roles to patients.}, keywords = {coping,Kidney transplant,Psychometry,Tool}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9463.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9463_bdee03ff83703113479dd00ab434b936.pdf} } @article { author = {Hasanbeigi, Fahimeh and Zandi, Mitra and Vanaki, Zohreh and Kazemnejad, Anoushirvan}, title = {Investigating the Problems and Needs of Infertile Patients Referring to Assisted Reproduction Centers: A Review Study}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {54-70}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.26250.1608}, abstract = {Background: The provision of optimal care is the most important goal in nursing, the fulfillment of which requires the identification of clients’ problems and needs. However, based on the review of the literature, no review study has investigated the problems and needs of the infertile patients in Iran. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the problems and needs of the infertile patients referring to the assisted reproduction centers. Method: This review study was based on the traditional review procedure developed by Cronin et al., which entails five steps including: 1) choosing the topic of the review, 2) searching the manuscripts, 3) collecting, reading, and analyzing the texts, 4) writing the review, and 5) providing references. The articles published within 2003-2017 were searched in such valid databases as Google Scholar, Pub Med, Science Direct, Ovid, and Cochran. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles in Persian and English with the keywords referring to problems and needs of clients. Out of the 350 original articles, 31 cases were finally selected for this review study. Results: In general, the infertile patients’ problems were placed under four domains of mental-psychological, social, marital, and financial factors. The needs of the infertile individuals were grouped into six domains of physical, care, informational, financial, mental-psychological, and spiritual factors. Implications for Practice: The identification of the patients’ problems and needs can lead to the conceptualization of strategic points targeted toward the delivery of effective interventions facilitating the provision of patient-centered infertility care. This can enhance the quality of life and lower the levels of stress during the course of treatment.}, keywords = {Assisted reproductive technology,Infertility,Nursing,Patient-centered care}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9419.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9419_5c1790ecace636b8597cd402d7d39c0e.pdf} } @article { author = {Saei Ghare Naz, Marzieh and Ozgoli, Giti and Hajizadeh, Famimeh and Nasiri, Malihe}, title = {Comparative Study of Childbearing Pattern in Women with Marital Satisfaction and Marital Dissatisfaction}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {71-75}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.24654.1540}, abstract = {Childbearing pattern has a mutual culture-based relationship with marital satisfaction. The present study aimed to compare the childbearing pattern of women with marital satisfaction and those with marital dissatisfaction in Tehran, Iran. This comparative study was conducted on 196 females during 2015-2016. The participants were divided into two groups of marital satisfaction (Mar-S; n=98) and marital dissatisfaction (Mar-D; n=98). The data were collected using Kansas Marital Satisfaction (KMS) scale. Data analysis was carried out using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests in SPSS version 22. The Mar-D group had a significantly higher rate of childbearing intention (P=0.003) and mean number of children (P=0.005), compared to the Mar-S group. The Mar-D group had a higher mean interval between successive births; however, this difference was not significant (P<0.05). The Mar-S group had a significantly higher mean age at marriage (P=0.002) and longer length of marriage (P=0.001) than the Mar-D group. The higher childbearing tendency of women with lower marital satisfaction is a novel finding requiring validation by similar cross-sectional studies.}, keywords = {Childbearing pattern,Marital satisfaction,Women}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9394.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9394_36c20a92fff3274597134a5308bab766.pdf} } @article { author = {Pazokian, Marzieh and Borhani, Fariba}, title = {Nurses’ Perspectives on Factors Affecting Patient Safety: A Qualitative Study}, journal = {Evidence Based Care}, volume = {7}, number = {3}, pages = {76-81}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Mashhad University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {2008-2487}, eissn = {2008-370X}, doi = {10.22038/ebcj.2017.24174.1520}, abstract = {Patient safety is a global concern that involves all healthcare members, so that achieving a high level safe care is responsibility of all healthcare services, particularly nurses. This qualitative study aimed to describe nurses’ perspectives on factors affecting patient safety. We recruited 32 nurses working in teaching hospitals by purposeful sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews, and transcripts were analyzed by conventional content analysis approach. Two themes were extracted from data analysis including “Patient-Centered Care” and “Organizational-Based Factors”, and eight categories delineated from participants' experiences with regard to the patient safety. Based on the results, complexity of patient centered-care is an obstacle for implementation in practice. Therefore, educating nurses for focusing on patient interaction and cooperation is essential for achievement to proper care and improving quality of care.Furthermore, improving facilities and equipment, providing sufficient and efficient personnel by the executive director are necessary in effective clinical services. }, keywords = {nurse,Patient safety,Qualitative research}, url = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9382.html}, eprint = {https://ebcj.mums.ac.ir/article_9382_83db7b21ac27a78f49f90d22d43953f5.pdf} }